IS 1528 (Part 3) : 2010

Hkkjrh; ekud

meklg lkefxz;ksa ds uewuas ysus dh vkSj HkkSfrd ijh{k.k i)fr;k¡
Hkkx 3 LiSfyax çfrjksfèkd Kkr djuk

¼ rhljk iqujh{k.k ½
Indian Standard METHODS OF SAMPLING AND PHYSICAL TESTS FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS
PART 3 DETERMINATION OF SPALLING RESISTANCE

( Third Revision )

ICS 81.080

© BIS 2010

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 May 2011 Price Group 1

Refractories Sectional Committee, MTD 15

FOREWORD This Indian Standard (Part 3) (Third Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Refractories Sectional Committee had been approved by the Metallurgical Engineering Division Council. This standard was first published in 1962 and subsequently revised in 1974 and 1983. This standard deals with the determination of spalling resistance. Other parts in this series are: Part Part Part Part 1 2 4 5 Determination of pyrometric cone equivalent (PCE) or softening point Determination of refractoriness under load Determination of cold crushing strength Method for determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature of dense and insulating shaped refractory products Determination of permanent linear change after reheating for reshaped insulating and dense refractories Methods of sampling and criteria for conformity Determination of apparent porosity Determination of true density Determination of size of refractory bricks Determination of warpage Method for determination of bulk density and true porosity of shaped insulating refractory products Determination of resistance to carbon monoxide Determination of sieve analysis Method for determination of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of dense shaped refractory products Determination of thermal conductivity according to hot-wire method (parallel) Determination of cold crushing strength of shaped insulating refractory products Determination of creep in compression Determination of thermal expansion Determination of modulus of rupture at elevated temperature Determination of thermal conductivity according to hot-wire method (cross-array) Methods for determination of permeability to gases of dense shaped refractory products

Part 6 Part Part Part Part Part Part 7 8 9 10 11 12

Part 13 Part 14 Part 15 Part Part Part Part Part Part Part 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 `Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)'. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

IS 1528 (Part 3) : 2010

Indian Standard METHODS OF SAMPLING AND PHYSICAL TESTS FOR REFRACTORY MATERIALS
PART 3 DETERMINATION OF SPALLING RESISTANCE

( Third Revision )
1 SCOPE This standard (Part 3) prescribes the method of test for determining the spalling resistance of refractory materials by the following two methods: a) Water quenching test, and b) Small prism test. 2 REFERENCES The following standards contain provisions, which through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revisions and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below: IS No. 1528 (Part 7) : 2010 Title Methods of sampling and physical tests for refractory materials : Part 7 Methods of sampling and criteria for conformity (second revision) Terminology for refractories (first revision) The thermal capacity of the furnace must be adequate to bring the temperature back to test temperature within 15 to 30 min of insertion of the first specimen. 4.2 Water Tank -- A suitable water tank shall be used for cooling the heated specimen with running water. 5 PROCEDURE 5.1 Water Quenching Test 5.1.1 Test Specimen The test will be conducted on cylindrical specimens with an original surface 50 ± 0.5 mm in diameter and 50 ± 0.5 mm height. They count as standard specimens. If standard specimens can not be taken from a sample, cylindrical specimen 36 ± 0.3 mm in diameter and 50 ± 0.5 mm height may be used. Standard specimens are, where possible, to be taken from shaped bricks. Specimens with defects, for example, fissures or shrink holes, must not be tested. Agreement is to be reached on specimens of other shapes. 5.1.2 Drying of Specimens Prior to the test, the specimens are dried at 110 ± 5ºC until constant weight is reached. Constant weight is deemed to have been reached when the change in weight between two consecutive weighings made at an interval of at least one hour is not more than 0.1 percent. Pending the test, the specimens must be protected from moisture. The specimens then remain for a further 15 min in the furnace at 950 ± 25ºC, after which they are plunged into running water at 10 to 30ºC and left there for 3 min. The specimens are then stored for 30 min in the hot cabinet at 110 ± 5ºC before being replaced in the furnace. The procedure is the same for all further quenchings. Should the test have to be broken off, the wet quenched specimens are to be left in the test laboratory in ambient condition and, when the test is resumed (the following morning), the test 1

4041 : 2006

3 TERMINOLOGY For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS 4041 and the following shall apply. 3.1 Spalling -- The cracking or fracture of refractory product caused by differential expansion due to thermal shock, a steep temperature gradient, a crystalline conversion or a change in composition near the hot face. 4 APPARATUS 4.1 Furnace -- The furnace is pre-heated to 950 ± 25ºC. The specimens, which have been brought up to 100ºC in the drier, are then placed in the furnace. The furnace temperature is measured by means of the thermocouple placed at the centre of the floor area of the furnace, some 20 mm above the specimens. The temperature of the furnace shall not fall below 750ºC.

IS 1528 (Part 3) : 2010 specimens are to be put in the hot cabinet for 30 min at 110ºC, after which they are immediately placed in the furnace. The test is continued until the specimen splits into two or more large pieces. The test will also be discontinued after the specimen has withstood 30 quenchings. 5.2 Air Quenching Test 5.2.1 Three test pieces shall be cut or ground to the shape of prisms 75 mm high with a square base of 50 mm in the case of standard shapes, and bricks; or rings 50 mm high from sleeves, nozzles or any other type of pouring refractories. The test pieces shall be thoroughly dried before use. 5.2.2 Place the test pieces in the cold furnace. Heat the furnace at a uniform rate so that in 3 h it attains a temperature 1 000°C for firebricks, high alumina bricks or basic bricks. Maintain the testing temperature for 30 min and remove the test pieces from the furnace with a pair of light tongs, which shall have been warmed in the furnace for a short time before use. Place the test pieces on end on a brick floor in a position free from draughts. After they have been cooled in this way for 10 min, replace the test pieces in the furnace (which shall have been maintained at the temperature of the test) for a further 10 min and the cycle is repeated. The furnace shall be maintained at the required constant temperature during testing. Examine the test pieces towards the end of each 10 min cooling period. The test shall be concluded when the specimens can be pulled apart (to be specified for each type of refractory in the material specification depending upon the service condition). 6 REPORT Report the number of complete cycles of heating and cooling required to promote fracture together with a note of the cycle during which cracks first appeared. Three individual results shall be included in the report. 7 SAMPLING CONFORMITY AND CRITERIA FOR

The procedure for sampling and the criteria for conformity shall be as laid down in IS 1528 (Part 7).

2

Bureau of Indian Standards BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act , 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS. Review of Indian Standards Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of `BIS Catalogue' and `Standards : Monthly Additions'. This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: MTD 15 (4844 ). Amendments Issued Since Publication Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS Headquarters: Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002 Telephones: 2323 0131, 2323 3375, 2323 9402 Regional Offices: Central Eastern : : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg NEW DELHI 110002 1/14 C. I. T. Scheme VI M, V. I. P. Road, Kankurgachi KOLKATA 700054 SCO 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160022 C. I. T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CHENNAI 600113 Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East) MUMBAI 400093 Website: www.bis.org.in Telephones 2323 7617 2323 3841 2337 4899, 2337 8561 2337 8626, 2337 9120 260 3843 260 9285 2254 1216, 2254 1442 2254 2519, 2254 2315 2832 9295, 2832 7858 2832 7891, 2832 78792

Northern : Southern : Western Branches: :

AHMEDABAD. BANGALORE. BHOPAL. BHUBANESHWAR. COIMBATORE. DEHRADUN. FARIDABAD. GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI. HYDERABAD. JAIPUR. KANPUR. LUCKNOW. NAGPUR. PARWANOO. PATNA. PUNE. RAJKOT. THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. VISAKHAPATNAM.
Printed at : S.S. Computers, Delhi